Preface xix
Acknowledgement xxi

Part 1: Technologies 1

1 A Novel Approach for Predicting Human Anomalous Behaviors in Video through Two-Stream 3D Convolutional Neural Network 3
B. Prabha, J. Nagaraj, Thangarasan T., Soubraylu Sivakumar, S. Velmurugan and Bommy M.

2 U-Net-Based Residual Network for Blood Vessel Segmentation from Fundus Images 27
Nitigya Sambyal, Sukhpal Singh and Varun Gupta

3 Machine Learning-Based Early Identification of Parkinson Disease Using Voice and Behavioral Data 41
Smilarubavathy G., R. Nidhya, Keerthana S. M. and Sangeetha S.

4 Automated Dental Age Detection Using Mayfly Optimized Extreme Learning Machine Classification 63
B. Hemalatha

5 Ensemble-Stacked Hybrid Classifier (ESHC): A Novel Approach for Imbalanced Data Classification in Stroke Prediction 81
M. Priyadharshini, Kaushik Sekaran, J. Kalaivani, Ramesh Ponnala and V. Murugesh

6 Ensemble-Based Classification and Prediction of Divergent Gene Variant Interpretations Using Boosting and Modern Machine Learning Techniques 109
SatishKumar Patnala, Umme Najma, D. Chandravathi, Bh. Padma and Jyothi N. M.

7 Blockchain-Based AI Security Model for Preserving Medical Data with Interplanetary Access Control System 129
Rajiv Avacharmal, Brij Kishore Pandey, Piyush Ranjan and Sumit Dahiya

Part 2: Applications 149

8 Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality, and Mixed Reality for Healthcare Applications 151
Rajesh Sharma R., Akey Sungheetha, Tina Babu and Rekha R. Nair

9 A Layered Convolutional Network Model for Cancer Prediction Using Learning Approaches 171
V. Murugesh, Sanjiv Rao Godla, R.V.V. Krishna, D. Pavithra and R. Nidhya

10 Chronic Kidney Disease Prediction Using a Layered Convolutional Vector Model 203
Sanjiv Rao Godla, V. Murugesh, Vijay Kumar Janga, R. Nidhya and D. Pavithra

11 Early Detection and Automatic Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder Using Transformer Model 229
S.M. Keerthana, Sasikala, K. Subha and G. Smilarubavathy

12 Energy-Efficient Lightweight Security Framework for Internet of Medical Things Devices for Healthcare Applications 247
B. Sarath Chandra, Raja Rao P.B.V., M. Geetha, P. V. Narasimha Raju, Madhukumar Patnala and Sivudu Macherla

13 An Intelligent Framework for Identifying Tumor in Pancreas through an AI and Deep Learning Approach 265
Jithendra Reddy Dandu

Part 3: Challenges 285

14 Performance Improvement of Brain Tumor Classification Using Aquila-Based Optimization on Transfer Learning Models 287
Ganeshkumar M., Karthigadevi K. and Nesarani A.

15 An Enhanced Pretrained Language Model for Biomedical Domain: Fine-Tuning BERT for Electronic Health Records 305
Satish Muppidi, Radhika Gouni, Anupama Angadi, Satya Keerthi Gorripati, Venubabu Rachapudi and S. Anjali Devi

16 Development and Optimization of Hybrid Fixed-Wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Healthcare Applications 321
Pamarthi Venkatasivarambabu and Richa Agrawal

17 Optimization of Nerve Segmentation Performance Using U-Net Architecture and Aquila in Medical Imaging 345
Umme Najma, B.K. Rajya Lakshmi, D. Chandravathi, Bh. Padma and Jyothi N. M.

18 AI in Diagnosis, Treatment, and Surgery 369
Saigurudatta Pamulaparthyvenkata

References 402
Index 407

Medical Metaverse for Digital Healthcare

Technologies, Applications, and Challenges