List of Illustrations

List of Tables

Source Acknowledgments

Introduction: Cultures of Exchange in a North Atlantic World

Part 1. Indigenous Perspectives

Introduction

1. Of the Mission of Saint Francois Xavier on the "Bay of Stinkards," or Rather "Of Stinking Waters"

Father Allouez

2. On the Hunting of the Gaspesians

Father Chrestien LeClercq

3. The Hunting of Moose, of Bears, of Beavers, of Lynxes, and Other Animals According to Their Seasons

Father Chrestien LeClercq

4. Tarrentines and the Introduction of European Trade Goods in the Gulf of Maine

Bruce J. Bourque and Ruth Holmes Whitehead

5. The Anishinabeg Point of View: The History of the Great Lakes Region to 1800 in Nineteenth-Century Mississauga, Odawa, and Obijwa Historiography

D. Peter MacLeod

6. Fur Trade Literature from a Tribal Point of View: A Critique

Donald F. Bibeau

Part 2. The Social and Political Significance of Exchange

Introduction

7. Agriculture and the Fur Trade

D. W. Moodie

8. "Give Us a Little Milk": The Social and Cultural Significance of Gift Giving in the Lake Superior Fur Trade

Bruce M. White

9. "Starving" and Survival in the Subartic Fur Trade: A Case for Contextual Semantics

Mary Black-Rogers

10. The Growth and Economic Significance of the American Fur Trade, 17901890

James L. Clayton

11. "Red" Labor: Iroquois Participation in the Atlantic Economy

Gail D. MacLeitch

12. The Fur Trade and Eighteenth-Century Imperialism

W. J. Eccles

13. The Middle Ground

Richard White

14. Creative Misunderstandings and New Understandings

Richard White

Part 3. Cloth Trade

Introduction

15. Indians as Consumers in the Eighteenth Century

Arthur J. Ray

16. Dressing for Success on the Mohawk Frontier: Hendrick, William Johnson, and the Indian Fashion

Timothy J. Shannon

17. The Flow of European Trade Goods into the Western Great Lakes Region, 17151760

Dean L. Anderson

18. The Matchcoat

Gail DeBuse Potter

19. Chiefs Coats Supplied by the American Fur Company

Allen Chronister

20. The Myth of the Silk Hat and the End of the Rendezvous

James A. Hanson

Part 4. Gender, Kinship, and Community

Introduction

21. Women, Kin, and Catholicism: New Perspectives on the Fur Trade

Susan Sleeper-Smith

22. "The Custom of the Country": An Examination of Fur Trade Marriage Practices

Sylvia Van Kirk

23. Woman as Centre and Symbol in the Emergence of Metis Communities

Jennifer S. H. Brown

24. Prelude to Red River: A Social Portrait of the Great Lakes Métis

Jacqueline Peterson

25. The Glaize in 1792: A Composite Indian Community

Helen Hornbeck Tanner

26. Festivities, Fortitude, and Fraternalism: Fur Trade Masculinity and the Beaver Club, 17851827

Carolyn Podruchny

Index

Rethinking the Fur Trade

Cultures of Exchange in an Atlantic World